copy of Flow Electrolyzer for Carbon Dioxide Reduction (PTFE) Body

Type: Three-electrode flow-cell electrolyzer for CO2 reduction, with integrated reference electrode
Active areas: 5, 25, 100 cm2 (square, centred window)
Reference electrode: Miniature leakless RE in the 3D-printed catholyte flow field; port near the cathode; placed within 1 mm of the cathode for overpotential control
Catholyte chamber: < 5 mm thick
Layer stack: Anode block → anode → membrane → catholyte chamber → current collector → GDE → silicone gasket → gas compartment → end block
Flow fields: Titanium anode block (serpentine); 3D-printed catholyte channel with turbulence promoters; 3D-printed gas chamber (pin-array)
Cathode: Gas diffusion electrode (GDE)
Materials: Titanium anode block; PMMA end-block with aluminium pressing-plate; stainless-steel current collector (front-contact tabbed option on silicone gasket); silicone gaskets; 3D-printed polymer flow plates
Assembly: Bolted square plate stack, 8 bolts (4 corner, 4 mid-edge); threaded compression fittings; ports for catholyte in/out, CO2 in/out, and reference electrode